Poetry Reading Response Assignment Essay Example

Poetry Reading Response Assignment Essay Select a book length collection of contemporary poetry by one or more poets, or put together your own collection of 20+ poems; at least half of them must be contemporary (1960 to present) and a maximum of 3 can come from song lyrics, children’s poets, non-professionals, or anonymous authors. Read the collection you select, and narrow down to 10 poems you like enough to reread several times and respond to. List the 10+ poems you choose not to respond to on one page. For the 10 you like best, identify the poet, title, and source as you respond using the guidelines below.Be sure some of the ten you choose for response are contemporary. You may choose either of the following methods of organizing your responses: Method #1: This method works best if something is tying your selected poems together, i. e. they are all by the same poet or only two different poets, they are unified thematically or by subject, or they are all of the same sub-genre or pattern or perhaps only two differen t sub-genres or patterns. For this method list; your ten poems, poets, and sources on a separate initial page.Then address your responses by the following subjects, and use specific titles to illustrate your more general comments in each area. Be sure to use some details concerning each of your ten poems. Write 3-5 typed pages, making sure to address all 5 of the following topics and discuss all 10 poems: R-1 Content/Ideas/Purpose/Themes (What does the poem mean to you? What do you think the poet is trying to communicate with his/her audience? What thematic ideas can you identify? ) R-2 Large-Scale Techniques (Focus on the poem as a wholesub-genre or pattern as sonnet, haiku, villanelle, etc. type of poem as lyric, narrative, dramatic; visual format; meter; rhyme scheme, freeverse, blank verse; organization; speaker identification point of view; tone, mood, setting, and atmosphere; humor, irony, satire; dialogue, dialect; etc. R-3 Small-Scale Techniques (Focus on language and indiv idual linesfigurative language as metaphor, simile, personification, hyperbole, metonymy; sensory imagery concrete detail; sound devices as alliteration, assonance, consonance, onomatopoeia, rhyme, slant rhyme, internal rhyme; diction and connotation; humor, irony, satire; dialogue, dialect; etc.R-4 Favorite Passages Commentary (Include quotes and page #s) Copy the passages and discuss why you selected these passages. Analyze the passages and their significance overall. R-5 Personal Response, Evaluation, ; Application to your own writing (Give yourself advice for working in this particular genre. Whenever possible address specific writings in progress. ) Method #2: This method works best if you have selected 10 different poems with little or no connection. Begin by identifying the poet, title, and source of each new poem. Then respond to each of the 10 poems separately.Address as many of the following issues as possible in responding to each poem separately. Make connections to pr evious poems discussed as you proceed whenever possible. Write a total of 3-5 typed pages on you 10 poems, numbering each response R-1 through R-10. Address each of the following issues as you discuss each poem: * Content/Ideas/Purpose/Themes (What does the poem mean to you? What do you think the poet is trying to communicate with his/her audience? What thematic ideas can you identify? ) * Large-Scale Techniques (Focus on the poem as a wholesub-genre or pattern as sonnet, haiku, villanelle, etc. type of poem as lyric, narrative, dramatic; visual format; meter; rhyme scheme, freeverse, blank verse; organization; speaker identification point of view; tone, mood, setting, and atmosphere; humor, irony, satire; dialogue, dialect; etc. * Small-Scale Techniques (Focus on language and individual linesfigurative language as metaphor, simile, personification, hyperbole, metonymy; sensory imagery concrete detail; sound devices as alliteration, assonance, consonance, onomatopoeia, rhyme, slan t rhyme, internal rhyme; diction and connotation; humor, irony, satire; dialogue, dialect; etc. Favorite Passages Commentary (Include quotes and page #s) Copy the passages and discuss why you selected these passages. Analyze the passages and their significance overall. * Personal Response, Evaluation, Application to your own writing (Give yourself advice for working in this particular genre. Whenever possible address specific writings in progress. ) Oral Presentation Based on your responses, focus in on one to three poems to share with the class. Be prepared to do the following: 1. read one or two poems aloud (rehearsed reading/oral interpretation) 2. point out some of the techniques you noticed in the poem(s) . trace a common theme or compare/contrast two or more themes 4. comment on how the poem(s) affected you personally both as a reader and as a writer 5. present orally beginning on the assignment due date Suggested Poets for Poetry Response Assignment Maya Angelou John Ashber ry As We Know, 1979 W. H. Auden (1907-1973) Houston Baker Spirit Run, 1982 Joe David Bellamy Robert Bly Sleepers Joining Hands, 1973 The Light Around the Body, 1967 Gwendolyn Brooks Olga Cabral Lorna Dee Cervantes From the Caples of Genocide: Poems on Love and Hunger, 1991 Diana Chang Sandra Cisneros Loose Woman, 1994Lucha Corpi Mark Craver Seven Crowns for the White Lady of the Other World and Blood Poems, 1992 E. E. Cummings (1894-1962) Toi Derricotte Captivity, 1989 Annie Dillard Tickets for a Prayer Wheel, 1974 T. S. Eliot (1888-1965) Bob Dylan Writings and Drawings, 1981 Lawrence Ferlinghetti A Coney Island of the Mind, 1958 Carolyn Forche Gathering the Tribes, 1976 Robert Frost (1875-1963) Allen Ginsberg (b. 1926) White Shroud: Poems 1980-1985, 1986 Nikki Giovanni Robert Hayden Langston Hughes Selected Poems, 1974 Denise Levertov Phillip Levine Ashes, 1980 Claude McKay Selected Poems of Claude McKay, 1953 E.Ethelbert Miller where are the love poems for dictators? 1986 Marianne Moore (1877-1972) Simon Ortiz Alicia Ostriker Sylvia Plath (1932-1963) Ariel Adrienne Rich Carl Sandburg Anne Sexton William Stafford Wallace Stevens (1879-1955) Henry Taylor The Flying Change, 1985 ; The Horse Show at Midnight and An Afternoon of Pocket Billiards, 1992 Diane Wakoski Inside the Blood Factory, 1968 Alice Walker Horses Make a Landscape Look More Beautiful, 1984 Margaret Walker Robert Penn Warren Selected Poems 1923-1975, 1976 Richard Wilbur (b. 1921) William Carlos Williams (1883-1963) Selected Poems, 1969 James Wright

Chapter 9 GOVERNMENT Essay

Chapter 9 GOVERNMENT Essay Chapter 9 GOVERNMENT Essay Chapter 9 Political Parties Political Parties ­ Here and Abroad Political Party ­ a group that seeks to elect candidates to public office. A Political Party can exist as: a label organization a set of leaders In the U.S. political parties have become weaker in all 3 areas. More independents and split ticket voting Weaker since the 1960s Still strong in leader aspect USA VS. Europe Europe: Have more influence because: Candidates for elective office are usually nominated by party leaders Campaigns are run by the party and not the candidate. Once in office, the elected official is expected to vote and act together with the members of his party. USA: Federal system decentralizes power in USA Early in history decisions were made by state and local government Nat Parties at this were coalitions of local parties Political power became more centralized, parties became even more decentralized and weaker The Rise and the Decline of the Political Party The Jeffersonian Republicans The Jacksonians The Civil War and Sectionalism The Era of Reform Party Realignments Periods when a sharp, lasting shift occurs in the popular coalition one or both parties. Shift may occur at the time of the election or just after 5 Realignments so far 1800 ­ Jeffersonian 1828 ­ Jacksonian Democrats 1860 ­ Whig collapse 1896 ­ Republicans defeat William Jennings Bryan 1932 ­ FDR 2 Kinds of Realignments: Major Party is defeated that it disappears ­ new party emerges 2 existing parties continue, but voters shift their loyalty from one to another Party Decline The National Party Structure Today National Convention ­ ultimate power, meets every 4 years to nominate the presidential candidate. National Committee ­ composed of delegates from statesÍ ¾ manages affairs between conventions Congressional Campaign Committees ­ support the party’s congressional candidates. National Chairperson ­ manages daily work State and Local Parties The Machine Political Machine ­ a party organization that recruits members via tangible incentives. Ideological Parties Opposite to machine, principle is more important than winning election ­ They are contentious and factionalized. Usually 3rd parties ­

BUSINESS RESEARCH TEAM RESEARCH Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

BUSINESS RESEARCH TEAM RESEARCH - Assignment Example This has been attributed to the entrance of manufacturers such as Micromax Mobile, Lenovo, Huawei, and Xiaomi, which have brought in low-priced products with high performance and high-end specifications (Trefis, 2014). Consequently, these competitors have been finding indulgence and favor among aspirational, budget-mindful consumers who feel that their tastes, preferences and needs are sufficiently met by the companies. Emerging markets are proving to be troublesome to Samsung due to its inability to compete effectively with the new entrants that bring in innovation, more customer-tailored products and services, and low prices that consumers find attractive. Emerging markets that were once lucrative to Samsung have now turned into a liability (Trefis, 2014). What is hurting Samsung most is the sheer fact that consumers have decided to expand their horizon and seek other brands that the market provides. Apparently, due to competition, Samsung is losing its loyal customer and might soo n be operating at a loss unless the management takes an immediate corrective action to contain the competition and electronics

Assignment 5.3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assignment 5.3 - Essay Example Traditional or physical classroom refers to the conventional learning system that relies on actual and physical student-teacher interaction to facilitate learning, whereas virtual learning sustains the student-teacher interaction via electronic media, for the same purpose. The information questions are: the future of the physical classroom; the future of the virtual classroom; whether or not, virtual classroom will come to include video-chat classrooms; and the statistics between graduates of online degrees vs. in-school degrees. Unlike other primordial socio-economic constructions, physical classrooms cannot be done away with; the values that virtual learning brings, notwithstanding. Extensive discussions, consultations, debates and the upholding of educational standards are some of the facets of traditional learning that will bar virtual learning from overtaking its traditional counterpart. The crux of the matter is that extensive discussions and consultations, especially after exams enable learners to correct their mistake or misconstruction of a concept. Indeed, it is dishonest to discount the fact that virtual classroom is becoming increasingly popular and will continue to do so. For instance, in a research finding that was tabled by the SRI International for Department of Education in 2009, from 1996 to 2008, the number of students who do online course work accounted for 59% (Lohr, 1). Secondly, because of the convenience that comes with online classes, this alternative to traditional learning is bound to get more popular. Nevertheless, this does not mean that it will face out its physical counterpart. As already stated, according to research results that the SRI International for Department of Education tabled, between 1996 and 2008, students who have done online courses accounted for 59% (Lohr, 1). This means that

Communicative Language Teaching Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Communicative Language Teaching - Essay Example   Communicative Language Teaching is effective since it focusing on determining what the student can do in functional terms and practically. It involves the use of thorough evaluations and helps students to identify things that are useful to them in a practical sense. It enables the students to complete the required grade or level of the curriculum successfully to meet the required national standards when it comes to education, and especially foreign education. It is a practical approach to foreign language students and applies to them all the way from kindergarten up to university. Communicative Language Teaching is important for students because it helps to make students understand what they can do after completing a certain level of education. The use of this teaching method enables a learner to use and apply certain strategies that may apply to the particular student.Since Communicative Learning Technology does not support one particular theory or working method, it can draw id eas from many practical methods such as sciences, psychology and the use of second languages. It embraces the different approaches that apply to helping the learner to meet their learning goals. Moreover, using this learning model has effectively enabled accommodation of different students who have different personalities and needs for learning. The practicality of this teaching brand appears in the way that it requires the frequent interaction between the learners to create a suitable atmosphere for the students to perfect their language skills.

Traffic Congestion Problems In Colombo City

Traffic Congestion Problems In Colombo City It is a much known fact nowadays that the traffic congestion in Colombo has increased to a level that most of the personnel operating in Colombo city limits get disturbed in their day to day activities. Further it has come to the light that the traffic accidents in Colombo city area also have been increased during the recent past to a considerable amount mainly due to this congestion. Out of the overall number of traffic accidents reported within the country the most numbers are reported from Colombo city limits. Number of lives lost due to these accidents cannot be considered in light whilst minor scale accidents reported stands at large. Unreported numbers of minor scale accidents are not known but would be as double as the number of reported. Difficulties faced by the motorists, pedestrians, traffic police officials and generally the public in Colombo area due to this traffic congestion are very high. The day to day life of the general public such as attending their office duties, attending children to schools, attending other domestic affairs are getting disturbed heavily due to the unforeseen delays they are compelled to experience at roads caused by traffic congestion blocking the smooth vehicle movements in Colombo city. This is generally wastage of innumerous number of man-hours of working people, loosing billions of rupees of income to the Gross National Product. It is a known fact that the highest number of vehicles, comparative to the other cities in Sri Lanka, operating in Colombo city. Reason for the same is Colombo is the main city in Sri Lanka to where large number of people travel daily to do their jobs, send most number of children to the large number of leading schools located within the city. Further the Colombo harbour is situated within the Colombo city limits resulting a large number of vehicle movements for transportation of goods. Most number of star class tourists hotels located in a single city is Colombo resulting large number of vehicle movements in between Bandaranayke International Airport, Katunayaka and Colombo. Generally the main commecial city of Sri Lanka is Colombo and as a result of that almost all the personnel living at wherever the country are compelled to come to Colombo for some reason which increase the vehicle congestion in Colombo city limits. 4. When a large number of vehicles are operating within a limited area in Colombo city, it is obvious that the number of traffic accidents could be at a higher rate comparative to the number of accidents happened in other cities in Sri Lanka. But in this context what is important to be researched is the reasons for those large number of accidents. The amount of vehicle operating in Colombo city would not be a good reason for any of the citizen of this country to be met with a traffic accident and to get injured or to be killed. This being the situation time has come to analyze the causes contributing to the increase of traffic congestion in Colombo city and to come up with viable solutions to address this problem which will in turn be beneficial to the future prospects of Colombo city, as well as the country as a whole. CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGY AIM 5. The aim of this research paper is to analyze the major causes which contributing to the traffic congestion in Colombo city limits and to come up with feasible measures to create a smooth traffic movement in Colombo city limits as an example for the rest of the cities in the country. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 6. Increase of traffic congestion within the Colombo city limits at a drastic rate within a very short period of time has not only resulted the general public operating in the Colombo city to experience unforeseen difficulties at roads but also to be ended up at sometime with fatalities or losses of lives. The continuance in the increase of rate of traffic congestion in Colombo city would become a major burden for the motorists, pedestrians, traffic police officials and all the communities operating in Colombo city and also will bring negative impacts to the development of Colombo as well as the country unless addressed systematically. This research is to identify the major causes which have contributed for the increase of traffic congestion in Colombo city and to recommend feasible measures to reduce the same. THE RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS 7. Unlawful driving habits of the motorists who do not adhere to the traffic regulations is hypnotized as the main cause for the increase of motor traffic congestion in Colombo. SCOPE OF THE STUDY 8. The scope of the study is to confined to the motorists, pedestrians and traffic police officials operating in Colombo city limits to identify their views and attitudes towards the increased rate of traffic accidents in Colombo. The paper also concentrates much on the statistical records of traffic accidents happened in Colombo during the past decade. METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION 9. The collection of data and information for this research will be highly based on the views and the perceptions of the motorists, pedestrians, officials of traffic police department and those who have met with road traffic accidents which will be derived through systematical interviews. A questionnaire will be distributed among 50 personnel composed with 25 drivers including heavy vehicle, light vehicle and three wheeler drivers, 10 pedestrians, 10 personnel met with traffic accidents and 5 traffic police officers. Further this research analysis will be highly based on past statistics available on all traffic accidents in Colombo. THE STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS 10. The thesis is structured as follows: Chapter 1 Introduction. Chapter 2 Methodology. Chapter 3 Increase of vehicle population in Sri Lanka. Chapter 4 Reasons contributing to the traffic congestion in Colombo. Chapter 5 Observations made by the Researcher. Chapter 6 Analysis of data. Chapter 7 Recommendations. Chapter 8 Conclusion. CHAPTER 3 INCRESE OF VEHICLE POPULATION IN SRI LANKA 11. It is a known fact that the vehicle population of Sri Lanka was very minimal before 1980s and wonder whether a word called traffic congestion was heard at that time. However with the influx of the concepts of open economy to the country, the vehicle population was increased but at a moderate rate during 80s and 90s. So that the road network in the country, though not developed much, was sufficient to accommodate the transportation in the country without traffic congestion. But within the last decade the vehicle population of the country was expanded at a drastic rate and almost doubled within a period of eight years. The following statistics at Table 3.1  [1]  gives a clear picture of the vehicle population of the country and the composition of the same. 12. Table 3.2  [2]  shows the rate of increasing of vehicles in the country with the new registrations per year. From year 2002 onwards the new registrations per year exceeds 200,000. In this context what we have to identify is whether the road network has been expanded comparatively to accommodate this number of vehicles. 13. When it comes to Colombo city, it has been revealed that approximately 400,000 vehicles move in and out of Colombo daily basis, which is approximately 15% of the total vehicle population of the country. Though the road network of the main city of the country has been extensively expanded as well, the traffic congestion due to different contributing factors could not have been avoided. It has been come to light that following are the main contributing factors for the traffic congestion in Colombo city and its suburbs. High volume of vehicle movements within the city. Not having a proper traffic plan in the city. Closure of certain roads for security reasons. Bad driving habits of drivers violating traffic rules. Improper parking habits of drivers interrupting smooth vehicle movements due to non availability sufficient parking facilities. Poor traffic controlling duties of traffic police officials. Use of old vehicles not road worthy. Increase of vehicle accidents due to high volume of vehicle movements blocking the smooth vehicle movements. CHAPTER 4 REASONS CONTRIBUTING TO THE TRAFFIC CONGESTION IN COLOMBO 14. Colombo City is the most populated city in Sri Lanka and the living standards of the people living in Colombo is comparatively high resulting a considerable number of people out of those living in Colombo are in possession of a kind of personal vehicles. Further a huge number of people moves in and out of the Colombo city daily basis making the number of vehicles moving in and out on daily basis is very high. As per the statistics available at Traffic Branch of the Police Department, approximately 400,000 vehicles of different categories move in Colombo city daily. 15. Due to this large number of vehicles moving in and out of the Colombo city the average number of accidents reported within the Colombo city is 200 out of which 6 are fatal. It is important to have an idea of the general perception towards the contributing factors for the traffic congestion in Colombo city. GENERAL PUBLIC PERCEPTION 16. Based on the outcome of the ideas obtained from a cross section of drivers and non-drivers operating in Colombo city through a distribution of a questionnaire attached as Annex A, the following factors were revealed out of which some are identified as the contributing factors for the traffic congestion in Colombo city. Chart 4.1 Possession of valid driving license 17. It was revealed through a distribution of questionnaires among 50 personnel driving different types of vehicles in Colombo city area only 80% are with valid driving license whilst others drive different categories of vehicles without driving or riding license as elaborated in Chart 4.1. Chart 4.2 Knowledge on Traffic Rules 18. Percentage of the personnel who are driving vehicles and having an average knowledge on traffic rules and regulations is 60% whilst both the categories of those with very good knowledge and poor stands at 20% each as displayed in Chart 4.2. Chart 4.3 Adherence of Traffic Rules 19. Adherence to traffic rules plays a major role in the context of traffic congestion of any where on the road so do at the Colombo city area and the composition of the same with regard to Colombo city area is as per above Chart 4.3. As per the statistical data received in this regard only 5% of the personnel drive vehicles in Colombo city adhering 100% to the traffic rules and regulations. 70% adhere traffic rules but sometimes violating. 20% adhere traffic rules only when they feel it is required to do so whilst 5% adhere only when traffic police are expected or to be seen on the road. Chart 4.4 Ratio of Drivers met with Accidents whilst driving in Colombo The Chart 4.4 shows how rare we can find a person driving a kind of vehicle but not have met with an accident whist driving in Colombo. 80% of the drivers have met with some kind of traffic accident whilst driving in Colombo. It is important to identify the main reasons behind those accidents and Chart 4.5 elaborates the same. 30% have met with accidents due to the fact that they have not adhering to the traffic rules, at the time of meeting the accident whilst 50% have met with the accidents as a result of the violation of traffic rules by the another party. 15% have met with accident due to the congestion of traffic in Colombo, whilst only 5% due to some other reasons. Chart 4.5 Reasons for the Accidents in Colombo City 21. It is a known fact that use of mobile phones by the drivers whilst driving is one of the major reasons contributing for the traffic accidents so do for the traffic congestion in Colombo city. The research reveals as highlighted at Chart 4.6 that 80% personnel uses mobile phones whilst driving. It was also revealed that 10 % dont uses mobile phones whilst driving and the balance 10% uses mobile phones however after parking the vehicle by side of the road. Chart 4.6 Usage of Mobile Phones Whilst Driving 22. Parking vehicles at unauthorized places by side of the roads increase the traffic congestion in Colombo city very much. Reason for that type of illegal parking varies from person to person and the Chart 4.7 shows the percentage of drivers doing illegal parking whilst Chart 4.8 shows the reason for them to do so. Chart 4.7 Trend of Illegal Vehicle Parking Chart 4.8 Trend of Illegal Vehicle Parking 23. Driving vehicles in accordance to the stipulated speed limits is also a fact required to be adhered to in order to minimize the disturbance to the other vehicles and the commuters as well. The research reveals that, almost all the drivers are operating in Colombo violate the speed limits even in sometimes. Chart 4.9 Adhere to speed limits 24. The general perception of those who are driving a kind of vehicle in Colombo city, towards the reasons for the traffic congestion in Colombo city is emphasized in The Chart 4.10 Though the traffic congestion in Colombo city is a result of combination of different factors, the most contributing factor was identified as the unlawful driving habits of the drivers which stands at 60%. The next main factor which stands at 20% is the huge number of vehicles entering in to Colombo city. Chart 4.10 Reasons for traffic congestion TRAFFIC POLICE OFFICIALS PERCEPTION 25. Traffic Police officials performing traffic duties are one of the main resource personnel from whom an unbiased opinion towards the traffic congestion in Colombo city, could be obtained. A specifically designed questionnaire as at Annex B was distributed among 25 traffic police officials and the outcome of the same is as follows. 26. The very first question was to find whether they see or experience a traffic congestion in Colombo city for which the answer was 100% positive and all the police officials accept the excessive traffic congestion in Colombo. 27. The traffic police officials being the most competent personnel with their observations and experience to list out the factors contributing the traffic congestion in Colombo city were tasked to list out those factors according to the precedence and the outcome is as enumerated at Chart 5.11 Majority of them are in the view of that the bad driving habits of the drivers violating the traffic rules and regulations, come first cause for the present day traffic congestion in Colombo city . Chart 5.11 Reasons for Traffic Congestion as per the precedence 28. The order of precedence explained above at Paragraph 27 was further substantiated based on the factual details of the traffic police officials as shown below at Chart 5.12 The number of personnel getting caught to police net daily for violating traffic rules in Colombo city stands above all the other offenders. Those who are driving vehicles over speeding, though taken as a separate attribute, is again an unlawful driving habit violating the traffic rules. So that the percentage of those who are driving with unlawful driving habits and getting caught to police is 60%. Chart 5.12 Reasons for Traffic Congestion as per the precedence 29. Views of the traffic police officials were expected to find out the most viable solution to the traffic congestion in Colombo city. Though different opinions were found as shown at Chart 5.13, the most viable solutions for which 55% agreed to address this problem was to take stern disciplinary action against those offenders who violate the traffic rules and regulations. Chart 5.13 Reasons for Traffic Congestion as per the precedence CHAPTER 5 OBSERVATIONS MADE BY THE RESEARCHER 30. Further to the facts gathered through the distribution of questionnaires among general public, those who are driving vehicles in Colombo city areas, and the traffic police officials performing duties in Colombo area, the following facts were revealed through visual observations and sporadic interviews of the people hanging around in Colombo area. These were included with bus drivers, three wheel drivers, police officers, pedestrians; personnel using public transport etc. and the following observations were made. a. It was observed that the maximum number of vehicles move in Colombo city area during the following rush hours. 0730 hrs to 0900 hrs During this period the maximum numbers of vehicles moves in Colombo city creating a traffic congestion and the reason is the influx of people to Colombo for employments, businesses,and to attend schools etc 1330 hrs to 1430 hrs This is the time period during when schools are getting closed and a large number of vehicles move in the Colombo city for school services. Due to the fact that a considerable number of leading schools are located in Colombo city itself, the number of light vehicles operating for school services is extremely high resulting the traffic congestion. 1630 hrs to 1830 hrs Soon after the office hours the outward vehicle movements from the Colombo city are very high similar to the morning session creating a traffic congestion. b. The competition of the bus drivers makes havocs in the smooth flow of vehicle movements in Colombo city. Though the buses as well as the other heavy vehicles are to drive in the leftmost lane it is being practiced only for stopping the busses at bus halts to board or alight the passengers. Almost all the bus drivers make their fullest effort to disturb the other buses to make a big catch of passengers which in turn disturb all the vehicles on the roads creating traffic congestions. However not a single bus driver is ready to accept that they are experimenting unlawful driving habits violating the traffic rules. c. Habitual violation of traffic rules by the three wheel drivers are one of the main contributing factors for the traffic congestion in Colombo city. The number of three wheelers in Colombo city is extremely high. Easy maneuverability of three wheelers is being used by most of the drivers to get an extra advantage of reaching their destinations as quickly as possible however violating all the kinds of traffic rules. They do not bother about the difficulties faced by the other motorists and drivers due to their unethical driving patterns ultimately creating unnecessary traffic congestions. d. Parking vehicles by sides of the roads blocking the other free vehicle movement is also a contributing factor for the traffic congestion in Colombo city. Sometimes may be due to the non availability of parking facilities, drivers are used to park the vehicles by side of the roads disturbing the other vehicles. e. Role of the pedestrians too contributes much for the traffic congestion in Colombo city. The extremely poor road discipline of the pedestrians creates unnecessary disturbance to the smooth movement of vehicles. Even at the places where overhead or underground pedestrian crossings are there, most of the pedestrians do not and reluctant to use those facilities but used to cross the road at the shortest way which ends up not only with traffic congestions but also accidents with fatalities. f. Less attention of most of the motorists towards the disturbances for the other vehicles due to the way they are driving also contributes for the traffic congestion in Colombo city. The classic example in this context is the use of mobile phones whilst driving creating unnecessary disturbance for the other vehicles whilst not being aware of it. CHAPTER 6 ANALYSIS OF DATA 31. When the data collected through the systematical interviews, visual observations and distribution of questionnaires were analyzed, it was proven that the following contributory factors have resulted that the traffic congestion in Colombo city and suburbs. High volume of vehicle movements within the city. Not having a proper traffic plan in the city. Closure of certain roads for security reasons. Bad driving habits of drivers violating traffic rules. Improper parking habits of drivers interrupting smooth vehicle movements due to non availability of sufficient parking facilities. Poor traffic controlling duties of traffic police officials. Use of old vehicles not road worthy. Increase of vehicle accidents due to high volume of vehicle movements blocking the smooth vehicle movements. Bad road discipline of pedestrians. 32. The high volume of vehicles of approximately 400,000 are operating in Colombo city daily is undoubtedly is one of the main reasons for the traffic congestion in Colombo city. Number of accidents, as mach as 200 per day consolidates this fact further. But the number of vehicles alone wouldnt have created this much of traffic congestion in Colombo city unless the other contributing factors have popped up as a result of the high volume of the vehicles. All the endeavors have been taken to reduce the effects caused by the other factors such as reducing the violation of traffic rules, unauthorized parking etc. Since those factors play a major role than the volume of the vehicles. 33. As enumerated and hypothesized throughout the research, the unlawful driving habits of majority of the drivers operating in Colombo city are analyzed as the main contributing factor for the traffic congestion in Colombo city. When the number of vehicles are high and certain motorists are in a hurry tend to violate traffic rules and regulations and to reach their destinations as soon as possible ultimately creating traffic jams and blocks at the roads. The competition and the habitually unlawful driving practices of the bus drivers and three wheel drivers contributes this aspect at large. This research hypothesis is further consolidated by the statistical details obtained through the distribution of questionnaire with a percentage of 60% of general public and traffic police officials in the view that the unlawful driving habits of the driver causes traffic congestion in Colombo. 34. Though there are rules and regulations to bring the offenders at the roads before the courts and to be tried, it is not being practice to a satisfactory level. Though the traffic police officials reiterated that the traffic congestion in Colombo city is mainly due to the unlawful driving habits of the drivers, the actions they have taken to address this problem is not visible. The avenues available for the offenders to get themselves free from the traffic violations even after getting caught to traffic police officials are at a large but undisclosed by both parties. CHAPTER 7 RECOMMENDATION 35. Based on the factual details obtained through systematical means and the research analysis, it is evident that the fact of unlawful driving habits of the drivers is to be addressed timely to reduce the traffic congestion in Colombo city and its suburbs at first whilst addressing the rest of the contributing factors gradually. The following actions are recommended to be initiated in this connection. a. Traffic laws, rules and regulations are to be revised and to be incorporated with stern disciplinary action against the violation of traffic rules. b. The traffic police officials as the law enforcing authority should be trained and handled in a more discipline way than as at present to be firm when performing their duties. Internal monitoring systems within the traffic police department are to be established and stern disciplinary action to be taken against those corrupted police officials not carrying out their duties properly. c. A value to be added to the driving license from the time of issuing and it is to be ensured that only the competent and disciplined applicants are issued with driving license. In case of any kind of intentional violation of traffic rule the relevant diving license holder is to be kept under supervision for a standard period of time preferably one year and if found again for intentional violation the driving license is to be terminated. So that, no body will take the risk of getting their driving license terminated. d. Parking facilities in the Colombo district to be expanded and then those who are parking vehicles at unauthorized places to be dealt accordingly. e. Specific rules and regulations for the maintenance of discipline of bus drivers and three wheel drivers are to be brought in to force. f. CCTV monitoring systems to be installed within the Colombo city to trace the drivers violating traffic rules and the police officials not carrying out their duties properly. g. Island wide educational programs to be conducted to bring a behavioral change of the people driving any kind of vehicle in Sri Lanka to be disciplined at the roads and to respect the others. h. Quality of the public transport services are to be increased to motivate the people to use public transport than their private vehicles when coming in to Colombo city which will reduce the influx of light vehicles that contributes much for the traffic congestion in the city. i. Informing motorist about road accidents, traffic congestion and road conditions by traffic radio station which will help motorists to avoid traffic congestion. Helicopters can be use to moniter traffic.  [3]   CHAPTER 8 CONCLUSION 36. It is a known fact that the difficulties faced by the general public, the traffic police officials and the wastage of national resources due to the traffic congestion in Colombo city is utmost and unaccountable. So this is a national issue required to be addressed within the least possible delay without being waiting till the problem get aggravated. As hypothesized the main fact behind the traffic congestion in Colombo city and also in suburbs is the unlawful driving habits of the vehicle users whilst few other factors contribute to increase the problem. As identified and analyzed during the research it is important to address the main factor which is unlawful driving habits of the drivers as the initial step whilst addressing the others thereafter. 37. The outcome of this endeavor to reduce the traffic congestion in Colombo city limits and its suburbs will be an example to address the similar type of traffic congestions in other main cities in Sri Lanka as well. These types of problems cannot be addressed without the support of the general public as well as the officials who are tasked to perform duties in that respect. However with the enforcement of new law and systematical programs to make the driving community more disciplined the traffic congestion of the Colombo would be gradually reduced which will be beneficial for all the people living in this country since this is a problem pertaining to the main business and industrial city of Sri Lanka.

Genetic Defects in Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator

Abstract: The main goal of this paper is to explain what Cystic Fibrosis is and also to explain what the causes of Cystic Fibrosis are. Cystic Fibrosis is caused by a mutation in a gene called Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR). Cystic Fibrosis is known as one of the most common life-shortening disease. More that 1,000 mutations in the CFTR gene have been found in people with Cystic Fibrosis. Most of these mutations change single protein amino acids in the CFTR protein and it deletes a small amount of DNA from the CFTR gene. I am going to explain what happens when the CFTR proteins is functioning normally and when it is diseased. Introduction: What is Cystic Fibrosis? Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the exocrine gland of the lungs, liver, pancreas, and intestines, causing progressive disability due to multisystem failure. Thick mucus and less competent immune system are the results for lung infection. Less secretion of the pancreatic enzymes is the main cause of fatty diarrhea, poor growth, and the lack in fat-soluble vitamins [1]. So far there is no cure for cystic fibrosis. In the United States 1 in 3,900 children are born with Cystic Fibrosis. Most of the people who have CF die at young age, many of them in their 20s and 30s due to lung failure, but with the introduction of new treatments the life of persons with CF is increasing to ages as high as 40 or 50[1]. Results: Cystic Fibrosis is caused by a defect in the gene called Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) [2]. The gene makes a protein that controls the water and salt that come in and out of cells. When the protein is working normally the body produces mucus, sweat, saliva, tears, and dig... ...inhaling antibiotics that are used to treat chronic and acute affections. [1]. Lung transplantation has become increasingly common for people wit Cystic Fibrosis. Liver transplant have also been successfully with patient with end of liver disease. Scientist are trying to find a way to keep the ion channel open longer in order to allow more time for ion exchange. A few attempts of gene therapy were successful, but failed to produce a long term result [6]. Literature Cited: www.Wikipedia.org [1] www.Chronicillness.suite101.com/article.cfm/what_causes_cystic_fibrosis[2] www.ghr.nml.nih.gov/condition=congenitalbilateralabsenceofthevasdefiniton[3] www.ionchannels.org [4] www.google.com/images [5] www.respiratory-lung.health-cares.net/cystic-fibrosis-complications.php [6] http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/posters/chromosome/cftr.shtml [7]

Is censorship necessary? Essay

With the advent of new media, the dissemination of information has reached an unparalleled scale, bringing to the fore the inevitable reality of censorship. The issue of censorship has been a contentious one and conservatives argue for its instatement while liberals dispute its existence. In my opinion, I think that a form of censorship has to be put in place to maintain order in a society and protect the young from malignant content. However, many dispute the extent to which censorship should be put in place, arguing that censorship is a powerful weapon which can be abused by depraved individuals. Besides, they too argue that censorship is an ineffective tool in fulfilling its said purpose. Firstly, censorship remains imperative in maintaining order in a society. It impedes the dissemination of seditious content on the internet, thereby preventing any form of unhealthy social discourse and maintaining harmony among people. The dawn of the internet age has empowered people to voice out their own opinions whilst behind the perceived security of their keyboard. This freedom of speech enabled by the internet inevitably calls for some form of oversight over its users. Not long ago, online furore erupted over notorious sex bloggers Alvin and Vivian, who posted a photo of themselves eating â€Å"Bak Kut Teh† or pork ribs soup. What caused the controversy here was the catchline of the photo which read, â€Å"Happy breaking fast† in english. This resulted in a huge uproar from the muslim community as many felt that he was making a mockery out of the muslim tradition of fasting and abstinence from pork. Such racially insensitive remarks might damage the social fabric of a society, resulting in undesirable social implications and disrupting the racial harmony of a society. With censorship, such seditious content can be contained and order will be preserved. Censorship is also necessary to protect the young from the hordes of violent and sexual content found on the media. Along with the expansion of the internet, malicious content has proliferated across the media. Youths of today are being exposed to the media from a very young age and they are highly susceptible to influence from the media. Reality television shows such as WWE(World Wrestling Entertainment) portray scenes of violence as men take on one another in wrestling. What is particularly worrying here is that  most of these scenes are acted out and amplified for dramatic effect. Young children may not be able to discern reality from the virtual world and they may be influenced by the violent content. While there is no hard scientific data or causal link between media violence and real life aggression, psychiatrists have proven with empirical evidence that constant exposure to violent content ultimately has an impact on behaviour. Besides, the proliferation of pornographic cont ent on the internet is another cause for concern. With the internet, pornography is easily accessible to children and minors are viewing pornography at a very young age. The extreme nature of pornography might distort their views on relationships and promote a more liberal and permissive attitude towards sex among teenagers. This might be the cause of the rise in teenage pregnancies ,sexually transmitted diseases and other societal issues. In this respect, we can clearly see the need for censorship on the internet in order to protect the young from being negatively influenced by the media. However, censorship is a powerful weapon which can be abused by depraved individuals as tools of oppression. In authoritarian states where the media is controlled by the state, censorship allows for the incumbent to have complete control over its people. North Korea comes to mind where censorship and oppression is concern. The state-controlled media in North Korea censors nearly everything from the outside world and selectively reveals information to the people. This carefully orchestrated media campaign is used to boost the image of their supreme leader Kim Jong Un and build a cult of personality around him. Censorship in North Korea also helps in manipulating the masses. By blocking access to the outside world, people are unable to be discerning about the information they receive from the state media and they are blinded from the truth. From this perspective, we can see how censorship, when used unwisely, becomes a tool of oppression. Lastly, censorship is also ineffective in fulfilling its purpose and it is, in some cases, self defeating. Censorship has given rise to what is now known as the Streisand effect- whereby the act of trying to suppress information results in the greater spread of the information in question. Where censorship is practiced, there would certainly be attempts to  circumvent the system and access the censored content. Such is the case of the Great Firewall of China. While it is considered by many to be a huge success, there has been many methods of bypassing the system since its instatement in 2003. This illustrates the ineffectiveness of censorship in withholding information from the people. In this regard, we can see that censorship is not the best method in regulating the media. To sum up, i think that although censorship is not entirely advantageous to the people, it is still imperative in protecting the interests of minors and maintaining order in a society. Censorship acts as a regulator of the internet and it is something which will remain relevant in time to come.

Usefulness Of Special Stains Example

Usefulness Of Special Stains Example Usefulness Of Special Stains – Coursework Example Usefulness of Special Stains Affiliation Introduction Pathologists carry out the complex diagnosis in terms of histology and pathology (Ramos-Vara & Miller, 2014). No matter how high the clinical suspicion index is, the diagnosis cannot be conclusively established or safely assumed in the absence of any tissue diagnosis. Therefore, in the task of the pathologists to give specific, accurate and sufficiently comprehensive diagnosis, it is significant to diagnose each tissue. Hence, how do the special stains and IHC aid the pathologists in making the diagnosis?In Immunohistochemistry (IHC), pathologists use both the IHC counterstains and special stains for a diagnosis (Kiernan, 2008). The counterstains give immunodetection to enhance the primary label visualization or stain the specific structures. Both fluorescent and chromogenic counterstains are available.Special stains are important in non-routine immunohistochemical staining for the specific cells, organisms, and tissues identifica tion. Moreover, they are also useful in evaluating the state of the disease and in cell biology and histology. For instance, the Alcian Blue (pH 1.0) Stain Kit, stains mucins for the visualization of strongly sulfated mucosubstances. Giema Stain Kit (May Grunwald) is a Hematologic stain used in visualizing hematopoietic tissues and other microorganisms (Joyner & Wall, 2008).Additionally, through innovative H&E solutions, IHC and special stains, digital pathology, and advanced workflow empower laboratory professions and anatomic pathologists to maximize testing efficiency. The integrated, intuitive slide staining and management of workflow platforms optimize the laboratory operations to reduce errors, inform treatment pathology and support diagnosis for anatomic pathology professionals.ConclusionTherefore, from the discussion, it is evident that both special stains and IHC are significant in aiding pathologists in making their diagnosis. They are important as they help them to maximi ze testing efficiency.ReferencesJoyner, A. & Wall, N. (2008). "Immunohistochemistry of Whole-Mount Mouse Embryos". ColdSpring Harbor Protocols Vol. (2):Kiernan J., (2008). Histological and Histochemical Methods. Theory and Practice. Bloxham,UK: Scion.Ramos-Vara A., & Miller A., (2014). "When tissue antigens and antibodies get along: revisitingthe technical aspects of immunohistochemistrythe red, brown, and blue technique.". Veterinary Pathology Vol. 51 (1): 42–87

Free Essays on Police

Police Brutality By: Anonymous "But they didn't have to beat me this bad. I don't know what I did to be beat up." Rodney King, March 3, 1991. Police brutality has been a long lasting problem in the United States since at least 1903 when police Captain Williams of the New York Police Departmen coined the phrase, "There is more law at the end of a policeman's nightstick than in a decision of the Supreme Court." In the 1920's the Wichersham Commission had a number of instances of police brutality. Many of these included the use of the "third degree" (beating to obtain a confession). This is a very effective way to get a confession out of somebody. However, beating the accused could easily elicit a confession from a scared and innocent person. Also, this puts the accused person's life in danger. Police officers must make snap life and death decisions daily. Officers' work in an environment where death (theirs, their partners, and an innocent or guilty person) is one decision away. How does that constant fear effect an officer's perception? Unfortunately, many that are attracted to law enforcement are aggressive and prone towards violence as a solution. Police officers have a lot of power. With this power comes responsibility. Police brutality can be defined as the excessive or unreasonable use of force in dealing with citizens, suspects and offenders. A nationally known example occurred on the morning of March 3, 1991. Rodney King was pulled out of his vehicle and beaten by two Los Angeles police officers. The LAPD had originally given chase to Mr. King's vehicle due to a failure to yield. Officers fired a 50,000-volt Taser electric dart gun at Mr. King. They also hit King with batons. Mr. King, according to police officials, was hit approximately 56 times. Mr. King had 11 broken bones at the base of his skull. Also, the bones holding his eye in the right socket were broken (LA Times March 19, 1991 p. A20). ... Free Essays on Police Free Essays on Police â€Å"The 1980s witnessed improved professional status for the police officer in America. Educational requirements, communication skills, and technological support, enlarged the position and enhanced the image of the police officer considerably. It will always be recognized that the police force is on the cutting edge of violence and disorder, and must possess the skills to confront these matters effectively. The physician does this in the emergency room of a hospital; so must the police officer make wise decisions quickly and under much pressure.† (Opportunities, 6) Violence and disorder are important issues in our society. We have law enforcement people controlling these issues. These Enforcers of the Law risk their lives to protect us and ours. The Law Enforcers that we are most familiar with are PIGs (police). We see PIGs on our ways everywhere, and we try to avoid them, but they still come after us and we wonder why us, who gave them the authority to pull â€Å"us† over? â€Å"The 1980s witnessed improved professional status for the police officer in America. Educational requirements, communication skills, and technological support, enlarged the position and enhanced the image of the police officer considerably. It will always be recognized that the police force is on the cutting edge of violence and disorder, and must possess the skills to confront these matters effectively. The physician does this in the emergency room of a hospital; so must the police officer make wise decisions quickly and under much pressure.† (Opportunities, 6) Violence and disorder are important issues in our society. We have law enforcement people controlling these issues. These Enforcers of the Law risk their lives to protect us and ours. The Law Enforcers that we are most familiar with are PIGs (police). We see PIGs on our ways everywhere, and we try to avoid them, but they still come after us and we wonder why us, who gave them the authority to pull ï ¿ ½... Free Essays on Police Police Brutality By: Anonymous "But they didn't have to beat me this bad. I don't know what I did to be beat up." Rodney King, March 3, 1991. Police brutality has been a long lasting problem in the United States since at least 1903 when police Captain Williams of the New York Police Departmen coined the phrase, "There is more law at the end of a policeman's nightstick than in a decision of the Supreme Court." In the 1920's the Wichersham Commission had a number of instances of police brutality. Many of these included the use of the "third degree" (beating to obtain a confession). This is a very effective way to get a confession out of somebody. However, beating the accused could easily elicit a confession from a scared and innocent person. Also, this puts the accused person's life in danger. Police officers must make snap life and death decisions daily. Officers' work in an environment where death (theirs, their partners, and an innocent or guilty person) is one decision away. How does that constant fear effect an officer's perception? Unfortunately, many that are attracted to law enforcement are aggressive and prone towards violence as a solution. Police officers have a lot of power. With this power comes responsibility. Police brutality can be defined as the excessive or unreasonable use of force in dealing with citizens, suspects and offenders. A nationally known example occurred on the morning of March 3, 1991. Rodney King was pulled out of his vehicle and beaten by two Los Angeles police officers. The LAPD had originally given chase to Mr. King's vehicle due to a failure to yield. Officers fired a 50,000-volt Taser electric dart gun at Mr. King. They also hit King with batons. Mr. King, according to police officials, was hit approximately 56 times. Mr. King had 11 broken bones at the base of his skull. Also, the bones holding his eye in the right socket were broken (LA Times March 19, 1991 p. A20). ...

The Importance of Derived Demand in B2B Marketing (Coca Cola) Essay

The Importance of Derived Demand in B2B Marketing (Coca Cola) - Essay Example The objective of the paper is to analyze the derived demand aspects of Coca Cola along with the segmentation and marketing channel used by the company. Several aspects such as competitors’ products, substitute products, raw materials and demographic factors among others can help to analyze the derived demand for Coca Cola’s products in market. Coca Cola, as a reputed band with operations all over the world, uses different channels in order to market its products. Coca Cola mainly segments its market on the basis of geographic and demographic factors. The report describes numerous business segmentation prospects for Coca Cola in the global market. With its effective marketing and segmentation strategies, Coca Cola can strengthen its brand image in order to fortify the product demand. Brief Overview To The Company In the year 1886, John Pemberton a pharmacist in Atlanta created history by forming a soft drink which was named Coca-Cola by his bookkeeper Frank Robinson. Later, in the year 1888, after the death of John Pemberton, an Atlanta businessman Asa Griggs Candler bought the rights of the company for a total of USD 2,300. He became the company’s primary President who brought the real vision to the business and the brand. Thus, Candler’s mission to create the invention of the soft drink into the largest beverage company in the world was being fulfilled, after a century when the company produced in excess of 10 billion gallons of soft drink (The Coca-Cola Company, 2011). Headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, the Coca Cola Company is the world’s biggest beverage company. It employs approximately 146,200 staffs across six operating groups. The product portfolio consists of above 3,000 beverages which are available in excess of 200 countries worldwide (The Coca-Cola Company, 2 011). The main mission of the company and its leaders are to refresh the world. The company through its products wants to bring happiness and encourage moments of cheerfulness among the people of the world. In its large variety of product portfolio, Coca Cola focuses on to make sparkling beverages that will enable the consumers to douse their thirst. Apart from these, the company is also spreading its businesses by developing other products, such as, energy drinks, mineral water and an African juice drink among others. The company’s focus on the soft drink category is evitable as it is selling over 1.7 billion servings of beverage every day all over the world (The Coca-Cola Company, 2011). Soft drinks are non alcoholic beverage that is consumed by larger portion of the age groups, from teens to elders. It is a drink that helps refreshing consumers and brings happiness and optimism in their minds. Thus, the different flavors consisted in the soft drink categories are generally not targeted towards a particular age group or gender, but almost all the population. Statistics reveal that in the year 2011, 92 servings of beverage products were consumed per person worldwide (The Coca-Cola Company, 2011). Drivers of Derived Demand Derived demand is a perception where demand of a specific product comes from or relies on

Management Ethics inPepsiCo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management Ethics inPepsiCo - Essay Example The researcher states that in the modern world there has been a paradigm shift in the values of corporate codes of ethics. Ethical values are not only associated with the work culture of an organization, it also implies on external factors such as stakeholders and society. Professional code of ethics, on the other hand, is also an essential component that is required to be implemented in industries. Professional code of ethics is different from the corporate code of ethics as it has no influence on distinguished wrongdoing in organizations. Since business organizations have to pass through different stages in terms of control systems, management systems, and formal structures. There are some significant developments that are required to be emphasized for its smooth running. Implementation of corporate codes of business ethics plays very important role in the management sector because it not only increases the values and workability in the organization, it also helps to gain the inter est of the external stakeholders of the organizations. This paper focuses on the ethical cultures that are implemented by the PepsiCo along with the continuous support of the management that has helped to maintain the ethical values in the organization. There are several theories of ethics that can be implemented in the work culture of the organizations. First of all, Consequentialism states that the majority of action depends on the moral cost that the action brings in the organizations. According to the organizational policies, each and every employee is expected to practice good and moral behavior and action in the workplace. The ratio between right and wrong determines the moral and ethical values of organizations. According to the theory of morality, every action must be accountable to someone in an organization. For any wrong action or wrong behavior, the person involved must take responsibility. Morality also suggests that every person in the world should have the potential a nd motive to perform only good practices and take up the responsibility for their wrong actions. This kind of behavior in people can help in social engagement and reduce the tendency of conflicts. Organizations strongly implement such policies in their work culture in order to increase productivity.